the simplest command is
git log
this command will show all the commits you have on your project. usually what you need form this report is to get the commit id number.

also
git log --stat
stat option gives some statistics on to which files have changed on each commit
when you pull up the report, it will show you all the files that were affected for that commit
also when you use the --stat option, the output report will show you which files where affected or changed by the commit.

this command gets the last commit from the repository
git log -n 1